Osteoporosis is a bone disease that causes a loss of bone density, deteriorating the bone tissue. This makes bones brittle and more likely to fracture. Osteoporosis affects an estimated 200 million women worldwide. Here's a more in-depth overview of this common disease:
What causes osteoporosis?
There are a few key factors that contribute to the development of osteoporosis:
What are the symptoms of osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is often called a "silent disease" because bone loss occurs without symptoms. Many people do not know they have osteoporosis until their bones become so weak that sudden strain or minor bump causes a fracture. Common osteoporotic fractures occur in the hip, wrist, and spine.
How is osteoporosis diagnosed?
Osteoporosis is diagnosed through a bone mineral density (BMD) test. This test measures bone strength in various parts of the skeleton. Low BMD indicates porous, weak bones.
How is osteoporosis treated?
The main medications used to treat osteoporosis are bisphosphonates, which slow bone breakdown. These drugs help maintain bone density. Treatment also focuses on preventing falls and fractures through balance exercises and ensuring adequate calcium and vitamin D intake. In severe cases, surgery may be needed to repair fractures.
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